Neurological maturation retardation
*Correspondencia: Dr. Jaime Campos Castelló. Diego de León, 59, 1.º A. E-28006 Madrid.
E-mail: camposc@telefonica.net
INTRODUCTION. The early years of life, more especially the first three, are dominated by a series of anatomical-functional facts that express the progressive enrichment of behaviour through the process of neurological maturation, which is expressed as reaching the maximum level of functioning at each stage of development as a result of a process of learning.
DEVELOPMENT. One’s personal experience is used to address the main conceptual aspects that define neurological maturation both in its normal aspects, that is to say, its limits, and its pathological deviations, and there is a need for conceptual limits of the so-called maturation retardation. The concepts of ‘risk child’ and his or her neurodevelopmental control and prognostic factors are analysed.
CONCLUSIONS. The ultimate and primordial aim of any longitudinal study is the early detection of all the neurological anomalies, including maturation retardation, since this makes it possible to establish an early –either curative or palliative– treatment without producing ‘false positives’. At the same time, if the neurological pathology is defined as residual, help can also be established for the patient and his or her family so that both of them can adapt to the situation in a suitable manner.
Desarrollo A partir de la experiencia personal, se abordan los principales aspectos conceptuales que definen la maduración neurológica tanto en los aspectos de la normalidad, es decir, sus límites, como sus desviaciones patológicas, precisando límites conceptuales del llamado retraso madurativo. Se analizan los conceptos de ‘niño de riesgo’, y su control neuroevolutivo y factores de pronóstico.
Conclusiones El fin último y primordial de todos los estudios longitudinales es la detección precoz de todas las anomalías neurológicas –incluido el retraso madurativo– que permita un tratamiento precoz, curativo o paliativo, evitando generar ‘falsos positivos’ y, si la patología neurológica queda definida como residual, establecer la ayuda al paciente y su entorno familiar para que ambos se adapten adecuadamente a esta situación.